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Diamond Intro

Diamond Intro
The word diamond is derived from the Greek "Adamas," which means unconquerable. Diamonds are minerals made of almost pure crystallized carbon (99.95%). They were formed millions of years earlier at depths greater than 75 miles or greater below the Earth's surface. Here the necessary temperature and pressure are present to create this unique gemstone. Over the years diamonds have been brought closer to the earth's surface by volcanic eruptions where miners are able to collect them today.

A diamond is distinctive in the way it reflects light. It has a brilliance second to none as it disperses the light into all the colours of the spectrum, this can be seen when a diamond is moved around. Another unusual quality of a Diamond is its purity. A gem quality diamond is among the purest elements found in nature.

Roughly 49% of diamonds originate from central and southern Africa, although significant sources of the mineral have been discovered in Canada, Russia, Brazil, India and Australia. They are generally mined from volcanic pipes, which are deep in the Earth where the high pressure and temperature enables the formation of the crystals.
Diamonds Facts:
  • Fact #1: An estimated 5 million people have access to appropriate healthcare globally thanks to revenues from diamonds.
  • Fact #2: Conflict diamonds have been reduced from approximately 4% to considerably less than 1% since the implementation of the Kimberley Process in 2003.
  • Fact #3: An estimated 10 million people globally are directly or indirectly supported by the diamond industry.
  • Fact #4: The diamond mining industry generates over 40% of Namibia's annual export earnings.
  • Fact #5: Diamond revenues enable every child in Botswana to receive free education up to the age of 13.
  • Fact #6: In July 2000, the global diamond industry announced its zero-tolerance policy towards conflict diamonds and continues to drive this policy.
  • Fact #7: Approximately one million people are employed by the diamond industry in India.
  • Fact #8: Approximately $8.4 billion worth of diamonds a year come from African countries.
  • Fact #9: More than 99% of diamonds are now from conflict free sources and traded under the UN-mandated Kimberley Process.
  • Fact #10: The revenue from diamonds is instrumental in the fight against the HIV/AIDS pandemic
Source: http://www.diamondfacts.org/facts/index.html
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